报错信息Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ Collecting PyQt5-tools Using cached pyqt5_tools-5.15.9.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (29 kB) Collecting click (from PyQt5-tools) Using cached click-8.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (110 kB) Collecting pyqt55.15.9 (from PyQt5-tools) Using cached PyQt5-5.15.9-cp37-abi3-win_amd64.whl (6.8 MB) INFO: pip is looking at multiple versions of pyqt5-tools to determine which version is compatible with other requirements. This could take a while. Collecting PyQt5-tools Using cached pyqt5_tools-5.15.4.3.2-py3-none-any.whl (29 kB) Collecting pyqt55.15.4 (from PyQt5-tools) Using cached PyQt5-5.15.4.tar.gz (3.3 MB) Installing build dependencies ... done Getting requirements to build wheel ... done Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─ [32 lines of output] pyproject.toml: line 7: using [tool.sip.metadata] to specify the project metadata is deprecated and will be removed in SIP v7.0.0, use [project] instead Traceback (most recent call last): File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 389, in module main() ~~~~^^ File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 373, in main json_out[return_val] hook(**hook_input[kwargs]) ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 178, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel whl_basename backend.build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings) File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\api.py, line 28, in build_wheel project AbstractProject.bootstrap(wheel, arguments_convert_config_settings(config_settings)) File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\abstract_project.py, line 74, in bootstrap project.setup(pyproject, tool, tool_description) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\project.py, line 661, in setup self.apply_user_defaults(tool) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^ File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-72xcqmnl\pyqt5_b067f208e893443fa5ead66de6f0ac2c\project.py, line 63, in apply_user_defaults super().apply_user_defaults(tool) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^ File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\pyqtbuild\project.py, line 51, in apply_user_defaults super().apply_user_defaults(tool) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^ File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\project.py, line 248, in apply_user_defaults self.builder.apply_user_defaults(tool) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^ File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\pyqtbuild\builder.py, line 49, in apply_user_defaults raise PyProjectOptionException(qmake, specify a working qmake or add it to PATH) sipbuild.pyproject.PyProjectOptionException [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: metadata-generation-failed × Encountered error while generating package metadata. ╰─ pyqt5 note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip. hint: See above for details.一、安装环境及操作背景1. 镜像源使用阿里云PyPI镜像https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/2. 安装目标PyQt5-tools3. 运行环境Anaconda虚拟环境路径E:\Anconda3\envs\training二、安装过程及报错概况1. 初始尝试安装PyQt5-tools5.15.9.3.3依赖PyQt55.15.9pip自动检测兼容性后降级尝试安装PyQt5-tools5.15.4.3.2对应依赖PyQt55.15.4。2. 报错核心安装PyQt55.15.4时准备元数据pyproject.toml失败属于包本身兼容性问题非pip工具问题。三、关键报错信息核心重点1. 弃用提示警告pyproject.toml: line 7: using [tool.sip.metadata] to specify the project metadata is deprecated and will be removed in SIP v7.0.0, use [project] instead说明SIP工具版本不兼容PyQt55.15.4使用的配置方式[tool.sip.metadata]已被弃用将在SIP v7.0.0中移除需改用[project]配置。2. 核心错误异常报错类型sipbuild.pyproject.PyProjectOptionException报错信息specify a working qmake or add it to PATH说明缺少qmake工具或qmake未添加到系统环境变量中导致PyQt5编译准备元数据失败。3. 报错总结提示× Encountered error while generating package metadata. ╰─ pyqt5note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.问题出在PyQt5包本身非pip工具四、完整报错日志Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/Collecting PyQt5-toolsUsing cached pyqt5_tools-5.15.9.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (29 kB)Collecting click (from PyQt5-tools)Using cached click-8.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (110 kB)Collecting pyqt55.15.9 (from PyQt5-tools)Using cached PyQt5-5.15.9-cp37-abi3-win_amd64.whl (6.8 MB)INFO: pip is looking at multiple versions of pyqt5-tools to determine which version is compatible with other requirements. This could take a while.Collecting PyQt5-toolsUsing cached pyqt5_tools-5.15.4.3.2-py3-none-any.whl (29 kB)Collecting pyqt55.15.4 (from PyQt5-tools)Using cached PyQt5-5.15.4.tar.gz (3.3 MB)Installing build dependencies ... doneGetting requirements to build wheel ... donePreparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... errorerror: subprocess-exited-with-error× Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.│ exit code: 1╰─ [32 lines of output]pyproject.toml: line 7: using [tool.sip.metadata] to specify the project metadata is deprecated and will be removed in SIP v7.0.0, use [project] insteadTraceback (most recent call last):File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 389, in modulemain()~~~~^^File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 373, in mainjson_out[return_val] hook(**hook_input[kwargs])~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^File E:\Anconda3\envs\training\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py, line 178, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheelwhl_basename backend.build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings)File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\api.py, line 28, in build_wheelproject AbstractProject.bootstrap(wheel, arguments_convert_config_settings(config_settings))File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\abstract_project.py, line 74, in bootstrapproject.setup(pyproject, tool, tool_description)~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\project.py, line 661, in setupself.apply_user_defaults(tool)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-72xcqmnl\pyqt5_b067f208e893443fa5ead66de6f0ac2c\project.py, line 63, in apply_user_defaultssuper().apply_user_defaults(tool)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\pyqtbuild\project.py, line 51, in apply_user_defaultssuper().apply_user_defaults(tool)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\sipbuild\project.py, line 248, in apply_user_defaultsself.builder.apply_user_defaults(tool)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^File C:\Users\zjl15\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-66zoo0xx\overlay\Lib\site-packages\pyqtbuild\builder.py, line 49, in apply_user_defaultsraise PyProjectOptionException(qmake, specify a working qmake or add it to PATH)sipbuild.pyproject.PyProjectOptionException[end of output]note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.error: metadata-generation-failed× Encountered error while generating package metadata.╰─ pyqt5note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.hint: See above for details.解决方案在Anaconda 虚拟环境里安装PyQt5-tools失败了核心原因是直接用 pip 装老版本 PyQt5 需要编译环境qmake你的电脑没有配置所以报错。最简单、100% 成功的解决方法在 Anaconda 里用 conda 安装 PyQt5不要用 pip步骤 1激活你的虚拟环境先打开 Anaconda Prompt运行conda activate training步骤 2用 conda 安装 PyQt5自动带工具conda install pyqt回车确认输入 y这一步会自动安装完整可用的 PyQt5 设计器。步骤 3安装 PyQt5-tools可选只装设计器pip install pyqt5-tools现在就不会报错了如果你只想快速打开 Qt 设计器安装完成后直接在终端运行这个命令就能打开可视化界面设计工具designer为什么之前报错pip install PyQt5-tools会强制安装需要编译的老版本 PyQt5你的 Windows 没有配置qmake编译环境所以安装失败conda 安装 PyQt5 是预编译好的完全不用配置环境总结别用 pip 装 PyQt5在 Anaconda 里用conda install pyqt激活环境 → conda 安装 → 直接运行designer即可全程不用配置任何编译环境零报错