今天记录的文章关于Ubuntu安装GDAL因为领导要求需要识别KML文件和SHAPE矢量数据的导入。它是地理信息系统GIS和遥感领域中最常用的工具之一对于空间数据有很好的读写功能。温馨提示在安装过程中会出现需要的插件未被安装请耐心的按照提示去安装JDK 需要11。我的文件放置目录/opt/gdal下载的文件都是统一管理下面安装GDAL操作命令关系到这个目录我就偷懒了直接使用/opt/gdal。网上有好多安装过程多说缺什么就安装什么说的没有错接下来就是安装的流程1、安装SQLITE3两种安装方式1.1、SQLITE3源码安装方法源码下载地址 SQLite Download Page 我下载的版本sqlite-autoconf-3440200.tar.gztar -xvzf sqlite-autoconf-xxxxx.tar.gz #解压文件 cd /opt/gdal/sqlite-autoconf-xxxxx #进入文件 ./configure make sudo make install sudo ldconfig #按步骤进行至此 注该步不能省略否则会出错 sqlite3 student #测试是否安装成功 显示 dickychendickychen-desktop:~/sqlite-autoconf-3080401$ sqlite3 student SQLite version 3.8.4.1 2014-03-11 15:27:36 Enter .help for usage hints. sqlite.help 则表示安装成功1.2、通过apt安装在Ubuntu可以不用源码编译直接用命令安装;对于Ubuntu 20.04需要使用命令sudo apt-get install sqlite3 sudo apt install libsqlite3-dev #测试 sqlite3 -version #显示 3.37.2 2022-01-06 13:25:41 872ba256cbf61d9290b571c0e6d82a20c224ca3ad82971edc46b29818d5dalt1 说明安装成功2、安装libtiff-42.1、下载源码 https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/libtiff.html文件包tiff-4.7.0.tar.gztar -xvzf tiff-4.7.0.tar.gz #解压文件 cd /opt/gdal/tiff-4.7.0 #进入文件 ./configure make make install sudo ldconfig #创建连接 #测试 tiffinfo #显示 tiffinfo LIBTIFF, Version 4.4.0 Copyright (c) 1988-1996 Sam Leffler Copyright (c) 1991-1996 Silicon Graphics, Inc. Display information about TIFF files usage: tiffinfo [options] input.. where options are: -D read data -i ignore read errors -c display data for grey/color response curve or colormap -d display raw/decoded image data -f lsb2msb force lsb-to-msb FillOrder for input -f msb2lsb force msb-to-lsb FillOrder for input -j show JPEG tables -o offset set initial directory offset -r read/display raw image data instead of decoded data -s display strip offsets and byte counts -w display raw data in words rather than bytes -z enable strip chopping -M size set the memory allocation limit in MiB. 0 to disable limit -# set initial directory (first directory is # 0) 说明安装成功3、安装PROJ3.1、下载PROJDownload — PROJ 9.6.2 documentation我下载的版本proj-8.0.0.tar.gz。温馨提示由于项目引用gdal 3.10.1版本下载匹配版本proj-9.4.1.tar.gz。tar -xvzf proj-9.4.1.tar.gz cd /opt/gdal/proj-9.4.1 mkdir build cd build cmake .. \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/opt/gdal \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPERelease \ -DBUILD_TESTINGOFF \ -DENABLE_CURLOFF cmake --build . -j$(nproc) cmake --install .安装后确认/opt/gdal/bin/proj ls -lh /opt/gdal/share/proj/proj.db如果提示工具Curl调用失败则需要安装curl工具安装后重新安装projsudo apt update sudo apt install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev curl如果出现如下的错误提示则需要安装pkg-configchecking for SQLITE3.. configure: error: in /home/Downloads/proj-8.0.0: configure: error: The pkg-config script could not be found or is too old. Make sure it configure: error: The pkg-config script could not be found or is too old. Make sure it is in your PATH or set the PKG_CONFIG environment variable to the full path to pkg-config.则需要安装pkg-config sudo apt-get install pkg-config4、安装cmake4.1、下载源码Download CMake我的版本cmake-4.0.1.tar.gztar -zxvf cmake-4.0.1.tar.gz #解压 cd /opt/gdal/cmake-4.0.1 ./bootstrap #接下来显示错误的代码 CMake Error at Utilities/cmcurl/CMakeLists.txt:586(message): Could not find OpenSSL.Install an OpenSSL development package or configure CMake with -DCMAKE_USE_OPENSSLOFF to build without OpenSSL.4.2、安装openssl对于Ubuntu系统 安装sudo apt-get install libssl-dev对于CentOS系统 安装sudo yum install openssl-devel如果安装openssl时出现Cannot find appropriate Makefile processor on this system.这是需要安装make插件了。4.3、安装makeubuntu系统安装命令sudo apt-get install build-essential再次执行安装cmake./bootstrap make #编译 sudo make install #安装 cmake --version #查看版本 #显示 cmake version 4.0.1 CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake). 说明安装成功5、安装GDAL温馨提示不同版本的GDAL编译安装方式也可能不同5.1、下载源码Index of /gdal/我的版本gdal-3.10.1.tar.xz与项目依赖的版本一致tar -xf gdal-3.10.1.tar.xz #解压 cd /opt/gdal/gdal-3.10.1 #进入文件 rm -rf build cmake -S . -B build \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/opt/gdal \ -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH/opt/gdal \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIRlib \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH/opt/gdal/lib \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_RPATH/opt/gdal/lib \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPERelease \ -DBUILD_JAVA_BINDINGSON \ -DGDAL_USE_GEOSON \ -DGDAL_USE_PROJON \ -DBUILD_TESTINGOFF \ -Wno-devF #执行脚本 cmake --build build -j$(nproc) sudo mkdir -p /opt/gdal sudo chown -R $(whoami) /opt/gdal cmake --install buildGDAL安装完成时在/opt/gdal目录下有一个share文件夹执行cd /opt/gdal/share/java进入Java文件夹你会看到四个文件。查看/opt/gdal/lib目录下有没有libgdalalljni.so没有则执行以下操作注意是在gdal-3.10.1目录下的buildcp gdal-3.10.1/build/swig/java/libgdalalljni.so /opt/gdal/lib/ chmod 755 /opt/gdal/lib/libgdalalljni.so6、启动项目我是用Jenkins启动我将在deploy.sh文件中添加如下配置#!/bin/bash source /etc/profile #配置GDAL export PATH/opt/gdal/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH/opt/gdal/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PROJ_LIB/opt/gdal/share/proj export PROJ_DATA/opt/gdal/share/proj SERVER_NAME$1 ACTIVE$2 if [ -z $ACTIVE ]; then ACTIVEprd fi SERVER_PID$(ps -ef|grep java |grep $SERVER_NAME |grep $ACTIVE |awk {print $2}) if [ -e /var/run/${SERVER_NAME}.pid ]; then SERVER_PID$(cat /var/run/${SERVER_NAME}.pid) fi if [ -n $SERVER_PID ]; then kill -s 9 $SERVER_PID fi #这里也配置指向GDAL nohup java \ -Duser.timezoneGMT8 \ -Djava.library.path/opt/gdal/lib \ -jar /home/project/service/${SERVER_NAME}.jar \ --spring.profiles.active${ACTIVE} \ --gdal.proj-path/opt/gdal/share/proj \ /home/project/logs/${SERVER_NAME}-${ACTIVE}.log 21 echo $! /var/run/${SERVER_NAME}.pid到此GDAL依赖库安装成功了。